Apparatus for watermarking paper



.-H. BROWN. APPARATUS FORWATERMARKING PAPER.

MPLICATION FILED lU LY 28, 1 916 Lgfigggg. Patented Dec. 21,1920. I 2/SHEEISSHEET a. I

H. BROWN. APPARATUS roa WATERMARKING PAPER.

,APPL ICATION HLED JULY 28,1916.

A Patntd Dec.- 21, 1920.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES j PATENT 1 OFFICE.

HOWARD-BROWN, or SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

"APPARATUS Fen WATERMARKING PAPER.

, Specification of Letters Patent. Patentd Dec. 21, 1920. A

Application filed July 28, 1916. Serial No. 1 1 1,794.

7. It has also been found inorder to obtain 50 Q To. all whom it may comer ll citizen of the, United Statesi Springfield in the county of 1 operation upon paper passing through the last stages of the paper making machine.

My invention is designed to be used in combination with the Invention described and claimed in certain co-pendin applications, in which I have disclose a water marking attachment adapted to be applied to a paper making machine intermediate the drier drums thereof, and comprising, roughly, a hard backing roll, a pressure roll adapted to be applied thereagainst with a heavy, regulable and yielding pressure, and a design plate mounted onuthe pressureroll whereby paperwhich has been completely formed and partially but not completely dried in the process of its manufacture is v impressed with whatever design may appear to obtain a design plate having an absoupon the design plate employed. I

I havefound in actually carrying out-my invention that to obtain .the best results each design plate employed should be individually adjusted and set up so that it produces a perfectmark upon the paper.

The reason for'this is that the variation of I a thousandth of an inch between the surfaces between which the paper is squeezed to make the mark may result in an imperfection in the mark, and it'is very difficult lutely perfect surface. Furthermore, certain regions of the design plate may be covered with numerous lines of the design while other portions thereof may be only lightly marked.

' known.

the best results a resilient backing should be employed under the design plate, as

specified in my Patent No. 1,152,393, dated 1 Because of this re- September .7, 19'15. silientbacking'the design plate will bend or buckle to an infinitesimal extent andthe result will frequently be that the regions of the design in which are few lines will be heavily and clearly stamped upon the paper while those upon which are many lines will be only faintlystamped into the body of the paper so as to result in an uneven and im erfect mark.

t is an object of my invention to forestall this possibility and to provide a pro v ing apparatus whereby its occurrence is ren-' dered impossible or is preven ed; My in-.

vention contemplates the provision of a special separate machine capable ofhand operation, in which the actual rolls, or at least the pressure roll tobe used in the water marking process, may be set up and actually tried out, the desi 11 plate eing adjusted by means of suc trials until it is perfectly satisfactory and produces a perfeot mark.

It is an essential feature of the invention that the proving machine is quite separate and distinct from the paper making machine, the reason for this being thatit is impossible to make trials on a paper making machine, because such machine having once started cannot be stoppeduntil the comple tion of the run, each stoppage involving the loss of several hundred feet of paper in yarious stages of its formation, as is well As a particular embodiment of my in- Fig. 5. is a cross sectional view on/a large scale showing a design plate corrected to remedy the defect,

Fig. 6 is an elevation of the correcting agency.

In the drawings 1 represents a pair of standards mounted on any suitable bed, not shown, or directly bolted to the floor, each provided with cut away portions 2 at their upper ends and with outwardly extending arms 3, carrying brackets 4, in which weighted arms 5 carrying weights 6 are pivotally mounted. Hinged to the standards 1 by hinges 7 are shafts 8 carrying worms 9 and operated by capstans 10, the shafts 8 being capable of being swung outwardly upon the hinges 7 but being locked into the position in which they are shown by clips 11 overlying the half bearings. 12, as will be clearly understood. Mounted upon an inte ral extension of one of the standards 1 is a earing, upon which is the driving pinion 13, operated by the crank 14.

Upon comparison of the construction so far described with that disclosed in my Patent 1,152,393 above referred to, it willbe apparent that I have provided substantially a duplicate of the mechanism actually applied to the paper making machine except that this mechanism is so designed in this instance as to permit the removal of the upper and lower rolls, their bearing boxes, and the adjustable shaft controlling the distance therebetween. It is to be understood that a duplicate of the mechanism above described, except for the driving mechanism 13 and 14, is placed upon the paper making machine, the idea being to transfer the rolls as a unit from their position in which they serve as an operating attachment during the paper making process to a position in a supplementary machine where they may be operated by hand. To effect this possibility, it is necessary to somewhat modify the construction of the backing and pressure rolls. The lower roll 15 is, mounted in bearing boxes 16 firmly situated in the bottom of the recesses 2, as will be clearly understood. The axis 17 of this roll is prolonged at one end and provided with a gear '18 removably attached thereto as by the set screw 19. Revolubly situated in a bushed recess in the top of the bearing block 16, is a shaft 20 having thereon a worm wheel 21 and being provided at its upper end with a screw en-' gaging with screw threads in the block 22,

- which supports the bearing block 23 for the upper or pressure roll 24, which is provided with a removable gear 25, secured thereto as by a set screw 26. The standard 27 proj ects upwardly, from the upper block 23 and is provided at its top with a fork 28, in which rests the lever 5, itbeing understood that all of this mechanism, except the driving gears 13 and 14, and the meshing gears 18 and 25, is duplicated at;the otherend of the rolls.

It will be immediately seen by this construction that the backing and pressure rolls and their adjusting mechanismcan be bodily transferred from the attachment secured to the paper making machine to the independent subordinate proving machine and-back, to .do this it merely being necessary to re-. move gears 18 and 25, swing back the hinged shafts 8 and the lever 5 and take the pres-' sure and backing rolls out and reassemble upper roll 24, a resilient'pad 32 underlying each design plate. In the operation of the proving apparatus, paper is torn from the traveling web of the Fourdrinier machineat a point adjacent the location of the marking attachment. on that machine and put' through the proving apparatus. If there be a defect in the design as shown-and'very much exaggerated in Fig.3, at 33, wherein a portion of the design plate is shown as depressed, the result will be an imperfect mark, and paper having traveled through the proving machine when inspected will reveal a water mark such as indicated in Fig. 4, .in which a portion 33' thereof is faint or entirely obscured. A piece of tissue paper, such as cigarette paper or the like is then out out, as in 33 to fit the defective region of the water mark and inserted under the design plate as shown in Fig. 5, in the corresponding region thereof and the proving machine again operated on paper torn from the same place in the traveling web, this process being kept up as long as is necessary until the design plate is so adjusted by inserting paper under different regions thereof that it gives an absolutely perfect mark.

It is to be particularly understood that whereas in Fig. 3 has been shown a design plate having very much exaggerated depressions therein, this showing being made to illustrate the invention, such an enlarged depression practically never actuall occurs in design plates, the imperfections, irregularities and variations in thickness of the plate being generally so minute as to escape detection by the eye, so that sometimes the insertion of a single thickness of cigarette paper under. such portion'of the design plate will serve to bring it up to a level with the rest of the plate and correct the mark. Furthermore, as explained at the'beginning of this specification, the imperfections may arise, not because the design plate is itself imperfect but because the design upon'it is much heavier in some parts than others, requiring that these parts be more strongly reinforced or advanced relatively to the are transferred bodily to the marking at-.

tachment-on the paper makin machine and the run commenced, each mar impressed 1n the paper continuing to be perfect because nothing in the shifting of the pressure and backing rollS has at all affected the relation between the surfaces of the backin roll and the design plate by which the mark is made.

It is of course to be understood that a satisfactory backing roll may be provided in the stationary proving machine'so that it will only be necessaryto remove the pressure ro-ll from the marking attachment upon the paper making machine, this method rendering the mechanism less complicated and requiring a simpler operation, and in many' instances giving satisfactory results, 1nas-.

much as the backing rolls comprising merely smooth, steel rolls can be made to all intents and purposes identical, so that except for the very finest work practical success can be obtained where different backing rolls are employed in the attachment to the paper making machine and in the proving machine. i

, It is of course also within the scope of my invention to remove the entire paper marking attachment from the. paper making machine and set it-up separately, driving the same by hand or by special power attach-v ments. No further drawings are required to illustrate this, because the showing in Figs. 1 and 2 maybe taken to indicate as well the attachment to the paper making machine as the special proving apparatus,

as explained. This method is a somewhat laborious undertaking, however, requiring the loosening of numerous heavy bolts and the like as well as the shifting of the heavy levers and is not to be recommended. For practical purposes, it is generally safe to simply transfer the pressure roll with the design plates, but for the finest work both pressure and backing rolls actually employed should be transferred. By this means, actual surfaces which cooperate to produce the mark in the commercial paper are adjusted to each other in the proving operatiomand any irregularities not only iii theidesignfplate but also in the backing roll are accounted forandcounter-acted.

Having now described my invention, I cla1m:---

1. In apparatus for use in proving watermarking, having a frame provided with sub-.

bemoved out of the slots for transfer from one machine to the other.

-, ards, a pair of worm shafts thereon, pivoted means for permitting said worm shafts to be-swung outwardly to permit the introduction or removal of a pair of rolls into or from said standards, adjusting means associated with said rolls, said pivotal means permitting thereafter bringing said worm shafts into cooperative relation with said adjusting'means.

3. ln apparatus of the class described a proving mechanism, comprising a pair of standards having cut away portions toreceive awater mark unit comprising backing and pressure rolls, adjusting devices associatedwith said standards'for adjusting the distance apart of said backing and pressure rolls, including means adapted to engage a movable part .of said adjusting means and to be swung laterallyaway therefrom, and readily releasable holding means permitting said first-named means to be readily swung laterally whereby said backing and pressure rolls may be easily introduced into or removed fromsaid standards.

4. In apparatus for proving the setup of water marking impressing devices, a proving mechanism comprising a pair of standards arranged adjacent to but independent from a paper making machine, said standards being formed to receive a water mark unit comprising a backing and a pressure roll, together with their bearings and adjusting screws, immediately upon the transfer of the same from a paper making machine, and means for rotating said ad justing screw, said last mentioned means being hinged to the standards whereby the 2. In proving mechanism, a pair of standsame may be quickly sw'ung outwardly latmaking machine, but separate and distinct therefrom, the combination ofbacking and pressure rolls provided with shafts adapted to enter the aforesaid slots, bearing blocks for said shafts in said slots, adjusting means associated with said bearing blocks, the openings of said slots being entirely unobstructed whereby the rolls, bearing blocks and adjusting means may be moved out of the slots for transfer from one machine to 10 the other. i

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name to this specification in the presence of two witnesses. V

" HOWARD BROWN. Witnesses:

IIARRIS A. CoLwELL. WILLIAM H. HASKINS, 

